How important are techniques? The empathic approach to working with children

Resident’s Name: Brian Schmid Date: 9/12/08
Article title: How important are techniques? The empathic approach to working with children
Author(s): John F. Roberts BDS
Journal: Journal of Dentistry for Children
Volume (number): 2
Month, Year: January-February 1995
Major topic: Review of behavior management philosophy
Minor topic(s: the use of empathy in pediatric behavior management
Type of Article: Review
Main Purpose: To reinforce the idea that it is the performance of a technique, not necessarily the technique itself that makes the difference between a success and failure.
Overview of method of research: Review and discussion.

Findings: The author reviews several non-pharmacological behavior management strategies and discusses how they can be properly and improperly used. The overarching philosophy is that we should be treating the child’s perception of dentistry as much as we are treating dental disease and their disquiet behavior. This is accomplished by assuming their outlook and acting empathically. By acknowledging their fear and addressing it, you can increase the effectiveness of a tried and true behavior management skills set, as well as performing more controversial skills in a way that will be more successful and acceptable to the patient and parent. For example, use of the Papoose board was almost universally panned until the Frankel approach, which included the help of the parent, redefined the social and professional view of the Papoose board. While Papoose use remains controversial to an extent, it has become more widely accepted by parents. The author does say that while empathy is a valuable tool to increase rapport, it is not always the absolute best bet. Children and dentists alike can act with selfish tendencies; including using empathy for alternate devices or simply for obtaining reward or avoiding punishment. “Empathy should not be an excuse for lack of management skills… We should not lack the confidence to deal with whatever emotion or behavior the child presents to us.”

Key points/Summary : The author emphasizes the use of empathy and understanding over rigorous and heartless implementation of learned behavior management. To allay fears and redirect their dental perception is the first step in pediatric behavior management.

Assessment of article: This was a very interesting, if not mildly wandering article which embraced empathy and the importance of compassion. It acts as a reminder that “Without compassion and authenticity, techniques fail.”